Lesson 14

Tengo que, Poner, and Putting Things Together

Language Transfer Complete Spanish is by Mihalis Eleftheriou. Listen to the original audio first; use these notes for revision.

New vocabulary

Spanish	English
sé	I know (irregular form of saber)
lo sé	I know it
él	he
ella	she (ll = /y/ sound)
salir	to leave / to go out
salgo	I leave (irregular -go verb)
poner	to put
pongo	I put (irregular -go verb)
componer	to compose
suponer	to suppose
imponer	to impose
exponer	to expose
oponer	to oppose
supongo que sí	I suppose so
tengo que	I have to

Rule: English "pose" verbs → replace with "poner": compose→componer, suppose→suponer, impose→imponer, expose→exponer, oppose→oponer

Él/ella/yo are only used for emphasis — the verb form already tells you who.

Spanish	English
Sé.	I know.
No sé.	I don't know.
Lo sé.	I know it.
No sé qué quiere.	I don't know what he wants.
Ella ve.	She sees.
Ella tiene.	She has.
Yo no quiero invitarlo pero ella sí.	I don't want to invite him but she does.
Salgo a comer.	I'm going out to eat.
Tengo que comer.	I have to eat.
Tengo que hacerlo.	I have to do it.
Lo tengo que hacer.	I have to do it.
Tengo que verla.	I have to see her.
La tengo que ver.	I have to see her.
Obtengo.	I obtain.
Supongo que sí.	I suppose so.
Lo opongo.	I oppose it.
Voy a intentar comer más tarde.	I'm going to try to eat later.

Tiene = he/she/it/formal has → tienen (they have), tienes (you informal have)

Viene = he/she/it/formal comes → vienes (you informal come)

Spanish	English
¿Cuándo vienes?	When are you coming?
¿Cuándo vienes a comer?	When are you coming to eat?

Sé is irregular. Do not try to build it as sabo.
Subject pronouns like él, ella, and yo are mainly for emphasis. Usually the verb already tells you who the subject is.
The -go pattern keeps expanding: salgo, pongo, obtengo, supongo.
Tengo que is the standard way to say I have to.